The Interval
A Play
A B
CAST
Niccolò Machiavelli
Ignaz Semmelweis
The First Student
The Other Students
(A seminar room at the Institute for the Advancement of Dictatorships. The Instructor is off sick. There is a blackboard. On it: A → B.)
Machiavelli
If A is seen to produce B, then A might be avoided. Not because men are good, but because they are cautious. So long as the connection is clear, action is constrained.
(He erases the arrow between A and B.)
Machiavelli
We do not deny that A produces B. We prevent the connection from being established in any single account.
(A pause.)
(Semmelweis steps forward.)
Semmelweis
The connection exists. It will be established eventually.
Machiavelli
Existence is not the issue.
The First Student
Only recognition in the short run is.
Machiavelli
I could not have phrased this better. Who cares about historians centuries later.
Semmelweis
Causality remains. You observe A and B repeatedly. You vary A while holding other things constant. You compare groups. You remove one practice and leave another. When B moves only where A has changed, you infer that A produces B. This is not immediate. It requires work.
The First Student
Work that will take time …
Semmelweis
With modern technologies it can be swift. Data is readily available.
The Other Students
Data.
Semmelweis
Yes, data.
Machiavelli
You are dreaming. It’s really quite easy. You separate the observations. You alter conditions between them. You ensure that no two cases align cleanly. You let time pass. You add explanations. The evidence is never quite sufficient.
Semmelweis
Someone will assemble it. They will see what you have done. They will compare what you refused to compare. They will remove what you kept adding. They will narrow it again until the difference stands. And then they will say: this led to this.
(He pauses.)
Semmelweis
Today’s data will wipe out your illusions.
The First Student
Data access has to be controlled.
Semmelweis
This might help you in the short run.
The First Student
The short run is all we need.
(Machiavelli claps.)
Semmelweis
You don’t want to gamble.
Machiavelli
Gambling is an art.
The Other Students
An art.
The First Student
Maybe we do not have to gamble. We can just divert attention.
(He pauses, then continues in a faint murmur.)
The First Student
By letting one horror be followed by the next …
(An interval.)
(Semmelweis leaves.)
(The board remains: AB.)